An diofar eadar na mùthaidhean a rinneadh air "l n r"

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(21 mùthadh eadar-mheadhanach le 3 cleachdaichean eile nach eil 21 'gan sealltainn)
Loidhne 2: Loidhne 2:
  
 
==l sounds==
 
==l sounds==
−
[[File:lnr01.ogg|noicon|90px]]
+
[[File:lnr01.mp3]]<br />There are 3 different l sounds:
−
There are 3 different l sounds:
 
 
{| style="width: 50%;" border="0"
 
{| style="width: 50%;" border="0"
 
|-
 
|-
Loidhne 56: Loidhne 55:
 
|  ||  || '''[kaiLʲ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">caill</span> || lose!
 
|  ||  || '''[kaiLʲ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">caill</span> || lose!
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  ||  || '''[kɤiLʲ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">coil</span> || forest
+
|  ||  || '''[kɤiLʲ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">coill</span> || forest
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  ||  || '''[saiLʲ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">saill</span> || salt!
 
|  ||  || '''[saiLʲ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">saill</span> || salt!
Loidhne 77: Loidhne 76:
  
 
==n sounds==
 
==n sounds==
−
[[File:lnr02.ogg|noicon|90px]]
+
[[File:lnr02.mp3]]<br />There are 3 different n sounds:
−
There are 3 different n sounds:
 
 
{| style="width: 50%;" border="0"
 
{| style="width: 50%;" border="0"
 
|-
 
|-
Loidhne 105: Loidhne 103:
 
|  ||  || '''[bjaNəxg]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">beannachd</span> || blessing
 
|  ||  || '''[bjaNəxg]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">beannachd</span> || blessing
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  ||  || '''[ann]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">ann</span> || in him
+
|  ||  || '''[auN]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">ann</span> || in him
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  ||  || '''[tʲauN]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">teann</span> || tight
 
|  ||  || '''[tʲauN]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">teann</span> || tight
Loidhne 157: Loidhne 155:
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
Note: some dialects pronounce non-initial slender <span style="color: #008000;">n</span> as [Nʲ] (i.e. like slender <span style="color: #008000;">nn</span>) rather than [n], e.g:
+
Note: some dialects pronounce non-initial slender <span style="color: #008000;">n</span> as [Nʲ] (i.e. like slender <span style="color: #008000;">nn</span>) rather than [n]:
  
 
{| style="width: 50%;" border="0"
 
{| style="width: 50%;" border="0"
Loidhne 174: Loidhne 172:
  
 
==r sounds==
 
==r sounds==
−
[[File:lnr03.ogg|noicon|90px]]
+
[[File:lnr03.mp3]]<br />There are 3 different r sounds:
−
There are 3 different n sounds:
 
 
{| style="width: 50%;" border="0"
 
{| style="width: 50%;" border="0"
 
|-
 
|-
Loidhne 184: Loidhne 181:
 
! English
 
! English
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| [N] || Initial broad n || '''[Naːbɪ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">nàbaidh</span> || neighbour
+
| [R] || Initial broad & slender r || '''[Rɔh]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">roth</span> || wheel (n.)
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[Rɔːn]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">ròn</span> || seal
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[Rɔb]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">Rob</span> || Rob
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[Ruərɪ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">Ruaraidh</span> || Rory
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[RuNag]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">rionnag</span> || star
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[Rixg]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">riochd</span> || appearance
 +
|-
 +
|  || Broad & slender rr || '''[baːR]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">barr</span> || top
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[kɔːR]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">corr</span> || rest (n.)
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[kɔRəx]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">corrach</span> || uneven
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[kaRɛgʲ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">carraig</span> || rock
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[kuRan]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">curran</span> || carrot
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[uRə]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">urra</span> || individual
 +
|-
 +
| [r] || Non-initial broad r || '''[aran]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">aran</span> || bread
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[ɔːran]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">òran</span> || song
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[dʲɛrɛg]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">dearg</span> || red
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[kur]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">cur</span> || putting
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[marav]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">marbh</span> || dead
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[kar]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">car</span> || twist (n.)
 +
|-
 +
| [rʲ] || Non-initial slender r || '''[arʲə]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">aire</span> || attention
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[arʲɪ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">airidh</span> || deserving
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[furʲəx]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">fuireach</span> || living, staying
 +
|-
 +
|  ||  || '''[kurʲɪ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">cuiridh</span> || will put
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  ||  || '''[Nahɪrʲ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">nathair</span> || snake
+
|  ||  || '''[ɛrʲɛgʲəd]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">airgead</span> || money
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
−
r̴ Initial broad and slender r roth, ròn, Rob, Ruaraidh, rionnag, riochd
 
−
  Broad (and slender) rr bàrr, còrr, corrach, carraig, curran, urra
 
−
ɾ (non-initial) broad r aran, òran, dearg, cur, marbh, car
 
−
ɾʲ (non-initial) slender r aire, airidh, fuireach, cuiridh, airgead
 
  
−
Note: the preposition ri and its prepositional pronouns (rium, riut, ris, rithe, riutha etc.) are normally pronounced as [ɾʲ].
+
Note: the preposition <span style="color: #008000;">ri</span> and its prepositional pronouns (<span style="color: #008000;">rium, riut, ris, rithe, riutha</span> etc.) are normally pronounced as [rʲ].
 +
 
 +
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 +
<br />
 +
 
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{{Fuaimean}}

Am mùthadh mu dheireadh on 17:12, 16 dhen Fhaoilleach 2016

Except for a small group of exceptions, all sonorants have their strong value at the beginning of words.

l sounds

Download
There are 3 different l sounds:

Sound Position Example Gaelic English
[L] Initial broad l [La.ə] latha day
[Lɔx] loch loch (lake)
[Luːb] lùb bend!
[Laːdʲɪrʲ] làidir strong
Broad l and ll elsewhere [gLan] glan clean (adj.)
[bLaː] blàth warm (adj.)
[baLəx] balach boy
[faLu] falamh empty (adj.)
[kadəL] cadal sleep (n.)
[baLə] balla wall (n.)
[faLaNʲ] fallain healthy
[pɔbəL] poball population
[Lʲ] Initial slender l [Lʲiən] lìon net
[Lʲeh] leth half
[LʲũːN] lionn liquid (n.)
[Lʲis] lios garden
[Lʲihdʲɪrʲ] litir letter (n.)
[Lʲɛxg] leac flagstone
Slender ll elsewhere [buLʲə] buille hit (n.)
[kaLʲəx] cailleach old woman
[duLʲag] duilleag leaf
[kaiLʲ] caill lose!
[kɤiLʲ] coill forest
[saiLʲ] saill salt!
[l] Non-initial slender l [balə] baile village
[kalag] caileag girl
[kulag] cuileag fly (n.)
[ulə] uile all
[elə] eile other
[dulɪç] duilich sorry

Note: the preposition le and its prepositional pronouns (leam, leat, leis, leatha, leinn, leibh, leotha) are pronounced as [l], not [Lʲ].

n sounds

Download
There are 3 different n sounds:

Sound Position Example Gaelic English
[N] Initial broad n [Naːbɪ] nàbaidh neighbour
[Nahɪrʲ] nathair snake
[Nɯːv] naomh holy
[Nasg] nasg tie-band
[Nɔxg] nochd appear
[NɔLɪgʲ] Nollaig Christmas
Broad nn [aNə] Anna Ann(e)
[kʲaNɪç] ceannaich buy!
[bjaNəxg] beannachd blessing
[auN] ann in him
[tʲauN] teann tight
[kʲauN] ceann head (n.)
[Nʲ] Initial slender n [NʲiəL] Niall Neil
[Nʲi.ə] nighe washing
[Nʲed] nead nest (n.)
[Nʲi] nigh wash!
[Nʲax] neach person
[Nʲihan] nighean daughter
Slender nn [faːNʲə] fàinne ring (n.)
[baNʲə] bainne milk (n.)
[ʃeiNʲ] seinn sing!
[tʲiNʲə] tinne sicker
[biNʲə] binne sweeter
[kaiNʲdʲ] cainnt speech
[n] Non-initial slender & broad n [dɔnə] dona bad
[sɔnə] sona happy
[anam] anam soul
[banal] banail feminine
[dʲiənəv] dèanamh doing
[ʃin] sin that
[miːn] mìn soft
[ɛnɛm] ainm name (n.)
[uən] uain lamb (n.)
[kɔn] coin dogs

Note: some dialects pronounce non-initial slender n as [Nʲ] (i.e. like slender nn) rather than [n]:

[Nʲ] [ʃiNʲ] sin that
[miːn] mìn soft
[ɛNʲɛm] ainm name (n.)
[uəNʲ] uain lamb (n.)
[kɔNʲ] coin dogs

r sounds

Download
There are 3 different r sounds:

Sound Position Example Gaelic English
[R] Initial broad & slender r [Rɔh] roth wheel (n.)
[Rɔːn] ròn seal
[Rɔb] Rob Rob
[Ruərɪ] Ruaraidh Rory
[RuNag] rionnag star
[Rixg] riochd appearance
Broad & slender rr [baːR] barr top
[kɔːR] corr rest (n.)
[kɔRəx] corrach uneven
[kaRɛgʲ] carraig rock
[kuRan] curran carrot
[uRə] urra individual
[r] Non-initial broad r [aran] aran bread
[ɔːran] òran song
[dʲɛrɛg] dearg red
[kur] cur putting
[marav] marbh dead
[kar] car twist (n.)
[rʲ] Non-initial slender r [arʲə] aire attention
[arʲɪ] airidh deserving
[furʲəx] fuireach living, staying
[kurʲɪ] cuiridh will put
[ɛrʲɛgʲəd] airgead money

Note: the preposition ri and its prepositional pronouns (rium, riut, ris, rithe, riutha etc.) are normally pronounced as [rʲ].



Fuaimean na Gàidhlig
᚛ Vowels - Consonants - Fricatives - Slenderisation - Pre-aspiration - Lenition - Helping vowel - Diphthongs ᚜
᚛ Hiatus - l n r - rt & rd - Vowels before rr ll nn - Unstressed vowels ᚜


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