An diofar eadar na mùthaidhean a rinneadh air "Unstressed vowels"

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(11 mhùthadh eadar-mheadhanach le 2 chleachdaiche eile nach eil 'ga shealltainn)
Loidhne 1: Loidhne 1:
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Stress (the "emphasis") in Gaelic usually falls on the first syllable of a words. It follows that all vowels in second and subsequent syllables are unstressed.  Long vowels never occur unstressed in Scottish Gaelic.  Generally speaking, there are only three vowels which occur unstressed in Gaelic.  These are:
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In Gaelic, the stress (emphasis) usually falls on the first syllable of a word. It follows that all vowels in second and subsequent syllables are unstressed.  In Scottish Gaelic, long vowels never occur unstressed..  Generally speaking, there are only three vowels which occur unstressed in Gaelic.  These are:
  
 
<ol><li>an obscure vowel [ə] like ''e'' in ''the''</li><li>an [ɪ] vowel similar to ''i'' in ''bit''</li><li>a clear [a] vowel like ''a'' in ''cat'' in Scottish English</li></ol>
 
<ol><li>an obscure vowel [ə] like ''e'' in ''the''</li><li>an [ɪ] vowel similar to ''i'' in ''bit''</li><li>a clear [a] vowel like ''a'' in ''cat'' in Scottish English</li></ol>
Loidhne 5: Loidhne 5:
 
The first two are by far the most common.
 
The first two are by far the most common.
  
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<ol><li>[ə] occurs before (phonetically) broad consonants and finally after broad consonants</li><li>[ɪ] occurs before (phonetically) slender consonants and finally after slender consonants</li><li>[a] occurs frequently but Scottish Gaelic spelling does not indicate it. Such instances must be noted and learnt as you go along.</li></ol>
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<ol><li>[ə] occurs before (phonetically) broad consonants and in final position after broad consonants</li><li>[ɪ] occurs before (phonetically) slender consonants and in final position after slender consonants</li><li>[a] occurs frequently but Scottish Gaelic spelling does not indicate it. Such instances must be noted and learnt as you go along.</li></ol>
  
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When it is somewhere else, the spelling normally indicates that somehow.
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When it is somewhere else, the spelling normally indicates that, somehow.
  
 
==Hyphens==
 
==Hyphens==
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When it occurs on the second syllable, this is often indicated by means of a hyphen e.g.
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When it occurs on the second syllable, this is often indicated by means of a hyphen:
  
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[[File:Unstressed01.ogg|noicon|90px]]
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[[File:unstressed01.mp3]]<br />
  
 
{| style="width: 40%;" border="0"
 
{| style="width: 40%;" border="0"
Loidhne 20: Loidhne 20:
 
| '''[əNʲ'ʃɔ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">'''an-seo'''</span> || here
 
| '''[əNʲ'ʃɔ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">'''an-seo'''</span> || here
 
|-
 
|-
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| '''[əNʲ'ʃid]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">'''an-siud'''</span> || yonder
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| '''[əNʲ'ʃud]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">'''an-siud'''</span> || yonder
 
|-
 
|-
 
| '''[ə'sdɯj]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">'''a-staigh'''</span> || inside (location)
 
| '''[ə'sdɯj]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">'''a-staigh'''</span> || inside (location)
Loidhne 41: Loidhne 41:
  
 
==[ə]==
 
==[ə]==
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[[File:unstressed02.mp3]]<br />
 
{| style="width: 40%;" border="0"
 
{| style="width: 40%;" border="0"
 
|-
 
|-
Loidhne 72: Loidhne 73:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|}
 
|}
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==[ɪ] & [ə]==
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[[File:unstressed03.mp3]]<br />
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{| style="width: 40%;" border="0"
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|-
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|  colspan="4" | <strong>[ɪ] from <span style="color: #008000;">(a)i</span> like ''i'' in ''bit'' </strong>
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|-
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| i || '''[Lʲihdʲɪrʲ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">lit<strong>i</strong>r</span> || letter (n.)
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|-
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|  || '''[sgʲiLʲɪNʲ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">sgill<strong>i</strong>nn</span> || penny
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|-
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|  || '''[furʲɪç]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">fuir<strong>i</strong>ch</span> || wait!
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|-
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|  || '''[fiːrʲɪNʲ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">fìr<strong>i</strong>nn</span> || truth
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|-
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|  || '''[gaːlɪgʲ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">Gàidhl<strong>i</strong>g</span> || Gàidhlig
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|-
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|  || '''[kurʲɪ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">cuir<strong>i</strong>dh</span> || will put
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|-
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|  || '''[pegʲɪ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">Peig<strong>i</strong></span> || Peggy
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|-
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| ai || '''[egLɪʃ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">eagl<strong>ai</strong>s</span> || church
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|-
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|  || '''[brʲigɪʃ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">briog<strong>ai</strong>s</span> || trousers
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|-
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|  || '''[aːLɪNʲ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">àl<strong>ai</strong>nn</span> || wonderful
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|-
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|  || '''[sɔxgɪrʲ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">soc<strong>a</strong>ir</span> || gentle
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|-
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|  || '''[piːbɪrʲə]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">pìob<strong>ai</strong>re</span> || piper
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|-
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|  || '''[paːRLəmɪdʲ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">pàrlam<strong>ai</strong>d</span> || parliament
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|-
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|}
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Note that unstressed e is [ə]:
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{| style="width: 40%;" border="0"
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|-
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| e || '''[gʲiLʲə]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">gill<strong>e</strong></span> || boy, lad
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|-
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|  || '''[kʲeːlə]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">céil<strong>e</strong></span> || partner (n.)
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|-
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|  || '''[balə]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">bail<strong>e</strong></span> || town
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|-
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|  || '''[kɔrʲə]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">coir<strong>e</strong></span> || 1 kettle 2 corrie
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|-
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|  || '''[ɯʃgʲə]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">uisg<strong>e</strong></span> || water
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|-
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|  || '''[ĩːʃə]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">inns<strong>e</strong></span> || telling
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|-
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|}
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==[a]==
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[[File:unstressed04.mp3]]<br />
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{| style="width: 40%;" border="0"
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|-
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|  colspan="4" | <strong>[a] from <span style="color: #008000;">(a)i, (e)a</span> like ''a'' in ''cat'' (Scottish English only)</strong>
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|-
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| a || '''[kLaxan]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">clach<strong>a</strong>n</span> || settlement
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|-
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|  || '''[ɔːran]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">òr<strong>a</strong>n</span> || song
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|-
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|  || '''[sbɔran]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">spor<strong>a</strong>n</span> || 1 sporran 2 wallet
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|-
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|  || '''[moːrag]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">Mór<strong>a</strong>g</span> || Morag
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|-
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| ai || '''[faLaNʲ]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">fall<strong>ai</strong>n</span> || healthy
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|-
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| ea || '''[ɯNʲag]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">uinn<strong>ea</strong>g</span> || window
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|-
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|  || '''[elan]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">eil<strong>ea</strong>n</span> || island
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|-
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|  || '''[alan]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">Ail<strong>ea</strong>n</span> || Allen
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|-
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|  || '''[kalag]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">cail<strong>ea</strong>g</span> || girl, lass
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|-
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|  || '''[fɯːlag]''' || <span style="color: #008000;">faoil<strong>ea</strong>g</span> || seagull
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|-
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|}
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<br />
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<br />
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{{Fuaimean}}

Am mùthadh mu dheireadh on 17:30, 16 dhen Fhaoilleach 2016

In Gaelic, the stress (emphasis) usually falls on the first syllable of a word. It follows that all vowels in second and subsequent syllables are unstressed. In Scottish Gaelic, long vowels never occur unstressed.. Generally speaking, there are only three vowels which occur unstressed in Gaelic. These are:

  1. an obscure vowel [ə] like e in the
  2. an [ɪ] vowel similar to i in bit
  3. a clear [a] vowel like a in cat in Scottish English

The first two are by far the most common.

  1. [ə] occurs before (phonetically) broad consonants and in final position after broad consonants
  2. [ɪ] occurs before (phonetically) slender consonants and in final position after slender consonants
  3. [a] occurs frequently but Scottish Gaelic spelling does not indicate it. Such instances must be noted and learnt as you go along.

When it is somewhere else, the spelling normally indicates that, somehow.

Hyphens

When it occurs on the second syllable, this is often indicated by means of a hyphen:

Download

[əNʲˈʃin] an-sin there
[əNʲ'ʃɔ] an-seo here
[əNʲ'ʃud] an-siud yonder
[ə'sdɯj] a-staigh inside (location)
[əʃ'dʲax] a-steach inside, into (movement)
[ə'muj] a-muigh outside (location)
[ə'max] a-mach out, outside (movement)
[ə'Ri.iʃdʲ] a-rithist again
[əNʲ'dʲeː] an-dé yesterday
[əNʲ'dʲu] an-diugh today
[ə'maːrʲəx] a-màireach tomorrow

[ə]

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[ə] from (e)a like e in the
a [tobər] tobar well (n.)
[kɔːhdə] còta coat (n.)
[bahdə] bata stick (n.)
[baːhdə] bàta boat
[gLanəɣ] glanadh cleaning
[d ɔ̃ .əL] Dòmhnall Donald
[ʃeːməs] Seumas James/Hamish
ea [aʃəg] aiseag ferry (n.)
[Nʲi.ən] nighean daughter
[iːʃəL] ìseal low (adj.)
[gɛː.əL] Gàidheal Gael
[tʲiLʲəɣ] tilleadh returning
[furʲəx] fuireach staying

[ɪ] & [ə]

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[ɪ] from (a)i like i in bit
i [Lʲihdʲɪrʲ] litir letter (n.)
[sgʲiLʲɪNʲ] sgillinn penny
[furʲɪç] fuirich wait!
[fiːrʲɪNʲ] fìrinn truth
[gaːlɪgʲ] Gàidhlig Gàidhlig
[kurʲɪ] cuiridh will put
[pegʲɪ] Peigi Peggy
ai [egLɪʃ] eaglais church
[brʲigɪʃ] briogais trousers
[aːLɪNʲ] àlainn wonderful
[sɔxgɪrʲ] socair gentle
[piːbɪrʲə] pìobaire piper
[paːRLəmɪdʲ] pàrlamaid parliament

Note that unstressed e is [ə]:

e [gʲiLʲə] gille boy, lad
[kʲeːlə] céile partner (n.)
[balə] baile town
[kɔrʲə] coire 1 kettle 2 corrie
[ɯʃgʲə] uisge water
[ĩːʃə] innse telling

[a]

Download

[a] from (a)i, (e)a like a in cat (Scottish English only)
a [kLaxan] clachan settlement
[ɔːran] òran song
[sbɔran] sporan 1 sporran 2 wallet
[moːrag] Mórag Morag
ai [faLaNʲ] fallain healthy
ea [ɯNʲag] uinneag window
[elan] eilean island
[alan] Ailean Allen
[kalag] caileag girl, lass
[fɯːlag] faoileag seagull



Fuaimean na Gàidhlig
᚛ Vowels - Consonants - Fricatives - Slenderisation - Pre-aspiration - Lenition - Helping vowel - Diphthongs ᚜
᚛ Hiatus - l n r - rt & rd - Vowels before rr ll nn - Unstressed vowels ᚜


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