An diofar eadar na mùthaidhean a rinneadh air "An Tràigh"

O Goireasan Akerbeltz
Jump to navigation Jump to search
 
(Rinn an cleachdaiche 46 mùthadh eadar-mheadhanach nach eil 46 'gan sealltainn)
Loidhne 1: Loidhne 1:
−
I'm not sure why inversion seems to flummox so many people. Perhaps it's because not many courses teach the concept of modal verbs and expressions very well. Right, so here goes nothing!
 
  
−
==Back up, what IS inversion?==
 
−
Fair enough. So in a "normal" sentence, you have the [[VSO and Master Yoda|normal word order]] of Gaelic, verb » subject » verbal noun » object. For example <span style="color: #008000;">Tha mi a' ceannach biadh</span>. But there are some types of sentence where is word orders is thrown around and you get something like <span style="color: #008000;">Feumaidh mi biadh a cheannach</span>, where the verb (<span style="color: #008000;">feumaidh</span>) is still at the front, followed by the subject (<span style="color: #008000;">mi</span>) but then we get the object and then the verbal noun, with some squishy particle in the middle or just lenition. That's inversion, the turning around of the "normal" word order. Hence the name.
 
  
−
Apart from understanding the mechanics, there's nothing about it really that's stranger or even hard. But before you'll agree with me, let's make sure we all know what a modal verb is. Just humour me, you'll see in a moment why that matters hugely.
 
  
−
==Modal verbs and expressions==
 
−
"Modal" is not a very intuitive or self-explanatory name but unfortunately, we're stuck with it...
 
  
−
A modal verb or construction contains a modal verb or expresses a modal concept. Don't frown, I'm getting there. Basically, modal concepts are expressions of ''wanting, being able to or having to do something''. In English, they are mostly simple verbs: ought, must, should, could, want, desire, wish, love...
+
d' fhaicinn-sa vs thusa fhaicinn
  
−
In Gaelic, there are some which are just simple verbs, like <span style="color: #008000;">feum</span> and <span style="color: #008000;">faod</span>. However, Gaelic mostly uses modal constructions that are roundabout ways of stating things like wanting, necessity, possibility, probability, or ability such as: <span style="color: #008000;">bu toigh leam</span>, <span style="color: #008000;">tha agam ri</span>, <span style="color: #008000;">'s urrainn dhomh</span> etc.
+
==Cn medially==
 +
coisneadh written coisreadh (CMacL)
 +
MacRìll < MacNill (CmacL)
  
−
Just put that in your bio-neural RAM for now: modal verbs/constructions express wanting, being able to or having to do something.
+
==eadh (gen)==
 +
* na h-acainne bigeadh
 +
* aig taobh creigeadh mòireadh
 +
* Fionnlagh na Plaide Bàineadh
  
−
==Inversion?==
+
==lenition of English words==
−
Yes yes, I'm getting there, just setting the scene. To put it very simple, if your Gaelic sentence starts with a model verb or expression, you have to change switch from ''verbal noun » object'' in terms of word order to ''object » [[Habemus_infinitivum_necne#But_what_about_that_other_one.3F|infinitive particle]] » lenited verbal noun''. There's a couple of special scenarios with that but that's basically it. All you have to do is train your brain that after a model verb/expression, you need the subject, immediately followed by the object.
+
* k/c a Kathy /ə xæθɪ/
 +
* t mo thorch /mɔ hɔrtʃ/, two tickets /daː hɪkɪts/
  
−
Don't ask why. I love explaining the why but on this occasion, that just would not help at all. It's one of those things you just have to accept. Like why English doesn't have a pronoun for us-but-not-you.
+
==lowercase initials in other languages==
 +
*iPad
 +
*Noongwa e-Anishinaabemjig
  
−
Fortunately Gaelic puts the verb first so it's clear right away that your sentence is either modal or not, even before you reach the subject in many cases:
+
==non-Gaelic letter combos==
 +
* bb cc dd ff gg mm aa oo pp ss tt oa oe eau j k q v w x y z ou au ee ie ii ue uo uu bd bg bc
 +
but careful of possible junctures
  
−
*<span style="color: #008000;">feumaidh</span> - you already know this is going to be a modal sentence
+
==strange semantic ranges==
−
*<span style="color: #008000;">am faod</span> - same, two words in, you know it's going to be modal
+
usually from English perspective
−
*<span style="color: #008000;">tha agam</span> - two words in, we know it's modal
+
*amasach
−
*<span style="color: #008000;">b' fheudar</span> - two words and we know it's modal
+
*càirdeas
−
*<span style="color: #008000;">thèid agam</span> - again, two words in and we know what it is.
+
*cearrachd
 +
*eug-samhail
 +
*fàsach
 +
*fulangach
 +
*grìosad
 +
*guidhe
 +
*sonn
 +
*toirteil
 +
*bho chionn goirid
 +
*astar
 +
*spearrach
 +
*siobhag
  
−
In fact I'm struggling to think of a construction where it takes more than 2 words before you know it's a modal sentence. Either way, Gaelic makes it very clear very quickly that this is the case. All you then have to do is follow a grammatical schematic and that's it, basically. Not difficult as long as you can just accept that that's how Gaelic works. If not, then might I suggest French ;)
+
==stuff that breaks and stuff that doesn't==
 +
*Comann Uibhist is Bharraidh
 +
*nighean donn bhòidheach
  
 +
==weird autocorrect==
 +
* bu mhath bum hath
 +
* cothrom coatroom
 +
* farsainge far-seeing
 +
* toilichte toilette
  
 +
==weird words==
 +
*di-theine, di-theallaich
 +
*di-beatha, di-beathte
 +
*de-theodha
 +
*de-tibheach (i-tibheach, le-tibheach...)
  
−
d' fhaicinn-sa vs thusa fhaicinn
+
==verbs with prefixes==
−
 
+
* agus dhubh dh'fhairlich orm
−
* weird stuff
 
−
di-theine, di-theallaich
 
−
di-beatha, di-beathte
 
−
de-theodha
 
−
de-tibheach (i-tibheach, le-tibheach...)
 
  
−
* words with strange semantic ranges (usually from English perspective)
 
−
amasach
 
−
càirdeas
 
−
cearrachd
 
−
eug-samhail
 
−
fàsach
 
−
fulangach
 
−
grìosad
 
−
guidhe
 
−
sonn
 
−
toirteil
 
  
 
{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"
 
{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"

Am mùthadh mu dheireadh on 18:55, 28 dhen Dùbhlachd 2021



d' fhaicinn-sa vs thusa fhaicinn

Cn medially

coisneadh written coisreadh (CMacL) MacRìll < MacNill (CmacL)

eadh (gen)

  • na h-acainne bigeadh
  • aig taobh creigeadh mòireadh
  • Fionnlagh na Plaide Bàineadh

lenition of English words

  • k/c a Kathy /ə xæθɪ/
  • t mo thorch /mɔ hɔrtʃ/, two tickets /daː hɪkɪts/

lowercase initials in other languages

  • iPad
  • Noongwa e-Anishinaabemjig

non-Gaelic letter combos

  • bb cc dd ff gg mm aa oo pp ss tt oa oe eau j k q v w x y z ou au ee ie ii ue uo uu bd bg bc

but careful of possible junctures

strange semantic ranges

usually from English perspective

  • amasach
  • càirdeas
  • cearrachd
  • eug-samhail
  • fàsach
  • fulangach
  • grìosad
  • guidhe
  • sonn
  • toirteil
  • bho chionn goirid
  • astar
  • spearrach
  • siobhag

stuff that breaks and stuff that doesn't

  • Comann Uibhist is Bharraidh
  • nighean donn bhòidheach

weird autocorrect

  • bu mhath bum hath
  • cothrom coatroom
  • farsainge far-seeing
  • toilichte toilette

weird words

  • di-theine, di-theallaich
  • di-beatha, di-beathte
  • de-theodha
  • de-tibheach (i-tibheach, le-tibheach...)

verbs with prefixes

  • agus dhubh dh'fhairlich orm


Sortable table
Alphabetic Numeric Date Unsortable
d 20 2008-11-24 This
b 8 2004-03-01 column
a 6 1979-07-23 cannot
c 4 1492-12-08 be
e 0 1601-08-13 sorted.
Air a tharraing à "http://www.akerbeltz.org/index.php?title=An_Tràigh&oldid=4709"