Experience vs Disposition or Tha mi sunndach - Eachdraidh nam mùthaidhean

Susanharris 03:48, 27 dhen Dàmhair 2013

2013-10-27T03:48:05Z

Susanharris 03:47, 27 dhen Dàmhair 2013

2013-10-27T03:47:25Z

Susanharris 03:45, 27 dhen Dàmhair 2013

2013-10-27T03:45:54Z

Susanharris 06:18, 25 dhen t-Sultain 2013

2013-09-25T06:18:17Z

Susanharris 06:04, 25 dhen t-Sultain 2013

2013-09-25T06:04:46Z

Thrissel: cngl

2013-04-25T20:55:44Z

cngl

Akerbeltz 23:37, 13 dhen Ògmhios 2012

2012-06-13T23:37:06Z

Akerbeltz: Created page with " Even though the heading may seem confusing and tricky, this is actually quite straightforward. In Gaelic you have the apparently confusing choice between two ways of saying thi..."

2012-06-13T23:36:23Z

Created page with " Even though the heading may seem confusing and tricky, this is actually quite straightforward. In Gaelic you have the apparently confusing choice between two ways of saying thi..."

Duilleag ùr

Even though the heading may seem confusing and tricky, this is actually quite straightforward.

In Gaelic you have the apparently confusing choice between two ways of saying things like I'm angry or I'm happy; you can do a periphrastic (roundabaout way of saying) construction and say tha sùnnd orm or you can add the adjectival suffix -ach and use the verb bi: tha mi sùnndach. There's a huge number of these expressions, so let's look at a few more first:

{| style="width: 60%;" border="0" align="center"
|-
| tha sunnd orm || tha mi sunndach || I'm cheerful
|-
| tha an fhearg orm || tha mi feargach || I'm angry
|-
| tha am pathadh orm || tha mi pàiteach || I'm thirsty
|-
| tha an t-acras orm || tha mi acrasach || I'm hungry
|-
| tha an t-eagal orm || tha mi eagalach || I'm afraid
|-
| tha fiabhras orm || tha mi fiabhrasach || I'm feverish
|-
|}

And so on. In theory there is not limit to the number of pairs you could find because -ach as an ending is very productive and you can stick it on to as many nouns as you can find.

So what's the catch? The catch is that Gaelic makes a very fine distinction here which is difficult to make in English in as few words - experience versus disposition. Or in other words, between something that is temporary and something that is permanent.

Tha sunnd orm for example means that I am cheerful right now, perhaps because I've won the lottery or have been told that Bill Gates has donated $5,000,000 to Akerbeltz. But that could change quite quickly, say if I had some bad news. Tha mi sunndach on the other hand means that I am cheerful by nature, ie even in the worst circumstances I am cheerful. If the pathadh is on you, it's just now, a drink and you'll be fine, but if you're pàiteach, you're forever feeling thirsty.

In English we have to use roundabout ways of making this difference, eg tha an fhearg orm 'I am angry right now' vs tha mi feargach 'I am angry by nature' or use different words eg in tha galar orm 'I am ill' and tha mi galarach 'I am diseased'.

That's essentially it. The only slightly confusing thing is that with existentials air can be used to describe a permanent state eg tha beul mór air Mórag 'Mórag has a (physically) big mouth'. But as we explained on the page on that, context usually supplies the right meaning.

<br />
<br />
{{BeaganGramair}}

@@ Loidhne 13: / Loidhne 13: @@
 | <span style="color: #008000;">tha an t-acras orm</span> || <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi acrasach</span> || I'm hungry
 |-
-| <span style="color: #008000;">an t-eagal orm</span>tha  || <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi eagalach</span> || I'm afraid
+| <span style="color: #008000;">tha an t-eagal orm</span>  || <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi eagalach</span> || I'm afraid
 |-
 | <span style="color: #008000;">tha fiabhras orm</span> || <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi fiabhrasach</span> || I'm feverish

@@ Loidhne 1: / Loidhne 1: @@
 Even though the heading may seem confusing and tricky, this is actually quite straightforward.
-In Gaelic, you have the apparently confusing choice between two ways of saying things like I'm angry or I'm happy. You can choose a periphrastic (roundabout way of saying) construction and say <span style="color: #008000;">tha sunnd orm</span> or you can add the adjectival suffix <span style="color: #008000;">-ach</span> and use the verb <span style="color: #008000;">bi</span>bi: <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi sunndach</span>. There are a huge number of these expressions, so let's look at a few more:
+In Gaelic, you have the apparently confusing choice between two ways of saying things like I'm angry or I'm happy. You can choose a periphrastic (roundabout way of saying) construction and say <span style="color: #008000;">tha sunnd orm</span> or you can add the adjectival suffix <span style="color: #008000;">-ach</span> and use the verb <span style="color: #008000;">bi</span>: <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi sunndach</span>. There are a huge number of these expressions, so let's look at a few more:
 {| style="width: 60%;" border="0" align="center"
@@ Loidhne 11: / Loidhne 11: @@
 | <span style="color: #008000;">tha am pathadh orm</span> || <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi pàiteach</span> || I'm thirsty
 |-
-| <span style="color: #008000;">a</span>tha an t-acras orm || <span style="color: #008000;">a</span>tha mi acrasach || I'm hungry
+| <span style="color: #008000;">tha an t-acras orm</span> || <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi acrasach</span> || I'm hungry
 |-
 | <span style="color: #008000;">an t-eagal orm</span>tha  || <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi eagalach</span> || I'm afraid

@@ Loidhne 1: / Loidhne 1: @@
 Even though the heading may seem confusing and tricky, this is actually quite straightforward.
-In Gaelic, you have the apparently confusing choice between two ways of saying things like I'm angry or I'm happy. You can choose a periphrastic (roundabout way of saying) construction and say tha sunnd orm or you can add the adjectival suffix -ach and use the verb bi: tha mi sunndach. There are a huge number of these expressions, so let's look at a few more:
+In Gaelic, you have the apparently confusing choice between two ways of saying things like I'm angry or I'm happy. You can choose a periphrastic (roundabout way of saying) construction and say <span style="color: #008000;">tha sunnd orm</span> or you can add the adjectival suffix <span style="color: #008000;">-ach</span> and use the verb <span style="color: #008000;">bi</span>bi: <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi sunndach</span>. There are a huge number of these expressions, so let's look at a few more:
 {| style="width: 60%;" border="0" align="center"
 |-
-| tha sunnd orm || tha mi sunndach || I'm cheerful
+| <span style="color: #008000;">tha sunnd orm</span> || <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi sunndach</span> || I'm cheerful
 |-
-| tha an fhearg orm || tha mi feargach || I'm angry
+| <span style="color: #008000;">tha an fhearg orm</span> || <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi feargach</span> || I'm angry
 |-
-| tha am pathadh orm || tha mi pàiteach || I'm thirsty
+| <span style="color: #008000;">tha am pathadh orm</span> || <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi pàiteach</span> || I'm thirsty
 |-
-| tha an t-acras orm || tha mi acrasach || I'm hungry
+| <span style="color: #008000;">a</span>tha an t-acras orm || <span style="color: #008000;">a</span>tha mi acrasach || I'm hungry
 |-
-| tha an t-eagal orm || tha mi eagalach || I'm afraid
+| <span style="color: #008000;">an t-eagal orm</span>tha  || <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi eagalach</span> || I'm afraid
 |-
-| tha fiabhras orm || tha mi fiabhrasach || I'm feverish
+| <span style="color: #008000;">tha fiabhras orm</span> || <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi fiabhrasach</span> || I'm feverish
 |-
 |}
-And so on. In theory, there's no limit to the number of pairs you could find because -ach, as an ending, is very productive. You can stick it on to as many nouns as you can find.
+And so on. In theory, there's no limit to the number of pairs you could find because <span style="color: #008000;">-ach</span>, as an ending, is very productive. You can stick it on to as many nouns as you can find.
 So what's the catch? The catch is that Gaelic makes a very fine distinction when it comes to making the right choice. The distinction is difficult to make in English, but essentially it's between experience versus disposition. With few words and the right word choice, Gaelic can differentiate between a state that's temporary and a state that's permanent.
-For example, tha sunnd orm means that I am cheerful right now, perhaps because I've won the lottery or have been told that Bill Gates has donated $5,000,000 to Akerbeltz. But that could change quite quickly, say if I had some bad news.  On the other hand, tha mi sunndach means that I am cheerful by nature, which means I am cheerful even in the worst circumstances. If the pathadh is on you, it's just now, so take a drink and you'll be fine. But, if you're pàiteach, you're forever feeling thirsty.
+For example, <span style="color: #008000;">tha sunnd orm</span> means that I am cheerful right now, perhaps because I've won the lottery or have been told that Bill Gates has donated $5,000,000 to Akerbeltz. But that could change quite quickly, say if I had some bad news.  On the other hand, <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi sunndach</span> means that I am cheerful by nature, which means I am cheerful even in the worst circumstances. If the <span style="color: #008000;">pathadh</span> is on you, it's just now, so take a drink and you'll be fine. But, if you're <span style="color: #008000;">pàiteach</span>, you're forever feeling thirsty.
-In English, we have to use roundabout ways of showing this difference. For example, tha an fhearg orm indicates that 'I am angry right now' versus tha mi feargach which informs listeners that 'I am angry by nature'. You can use these structures with different words, for example, tha galar orm states that at the moment 'I am ill' but tha mi galarach expresses that 'I am diseased'.
+In English, we have to use roundabout ways of showing this difference. For example, <span style="color: #008000;">tha an fhearg orm </span> indicates that 'I am angry right now' versus <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi feargach</span> which informs listeners that 'I am angry by nature'. You can use these structures with different words, for example, <span style="color: #008000;">tha galar orm</span> states that at the moment 'I am ill' but <span style="color: #008000;">tha mi galarach</span> expresses that 'I am diseased'.
-That's essentially it. One slightly confusing thing is that with existentials, air can be used to describe a permanent state, for example, tha beul mór air Mórag means that 'Mórag has a (physically) big mouth'. But as we explained on [[Aig, air agus ann an or The severed head|the page on that]], context usually supplies the right meaning.
+That's essentially it. One slightly confusing thing is that with existentials, <span style="color: #008000;">air</span> can be used to describe a permanent state, for example, <span style="color: #008000;">tha beul mór air Mórag</span> means that 'Mórag has a (physically) big mouth'. But as we explained on [[Aig, air agus ann an or The severed head|the page on that]], context usually supplies the right meaning.
 <br />
 <br />
 {{BeaganGramair}}

@@ Loidhne 1: / Loidhne 1: @@
 Even though the heading may seem confusing and tricky, this is actually quite straightforward.
-In Gaelic, you have the apparently confusing choice between two ways of saying things like I'm angry or I'm happy. You can choose a periphrastic (roundabout way of saying) construction and say tha sunnd orm or you can add the adjectival suffix -ach and use the verb bi: tha mi sunndach.  There are a huge number of these expressions, so let's look at a few more:
+In Gaelic, you have the apparently confusing choice between two ways of saying things like I'm angry or I'm happy. You can choose a periphrastic (roundabout way of saying) construction and say tha sunnd orm or you can add the adjectival suffix -ach and use the verb bi: tha mi sunndach. There are a huge number of these expressions, so let's look at a few more:
 {| style="width: 60%;" border="0" align="center"
@@ Loidhne 19: / Loidhne 19: @@
 |}
-And so on.  In theory, there's no limit to the number of pairs you could find because -ach, as an ending, is very productive. You can stick it on to as many nouns as you can find.
+And so on. In theory, there's no limit to the number of pairs you could find because -ach, as an ending, is very productive. You can stick it on to as many nouns as you can find.
-So what's the catch?  The catch is that Gaelic makes a very fine distinction when it comes to making the right choice. The distinction is difficult to make in English, but essentially it's between experience versus disposition.  With few words and the right word choice, Gaelic can differentiate between a state that's temporary and a state that's permanent.
+So what's the catch? The catch is that Gaelic makes a very fine distinction when it comes to making the right choice. The distinction is difficult to make in English, but essentially it's between experience versus disposition. With few words and the right word choice, Gaelic can differentiate between a state that's temporary and a state that's permanent.
-For example, tha sunnd orm means that I am cheerful right now, perhaps because I've won the lottery or have been told that Bill Gates has donated $5,000,000 to Akerbeltz.  But that could change quite quickly, say if I had some bad news.  On the other hand, tha mi sunndach means that I am cheerful by nature, which means I am cheerful even in the worst circumstances.  If the pathadh is on you, it's just now, so take a drink and you'll be fine. But, if you're pàiteach, you're forever feeling thirsty.
+For example, tha sunnd orm means that I am cheerful right now, perhaps because I've won the lottery or have been told that Bill Gates has donated $5,000,000 to Akerbeltz. But that could change quite quickly, say if I had some bad news.  On the other hand, tha mi sunndach means that I am cheerful by nature, which means I am cheerful even in the worst circumstances. If the pathadh is on you, it's just now, so take a drink and you'll be fine. But, if you're pàiteach, you're forever feeling thirsty.
 In English, we have to use roundabout ways of showing this difference. For example, tha an fhearg orm indicates that 'I am angry right now' versus tha mi feargach which informs listeners that 'I am angry by nature'. You can use these structures with different words, for example, tha galar orm states that at the moment 'I am ill' but tha mi galarach expresses that 'I am diseased'.
-That's essentially it. One slightly confusing thing is that with existentials, air can be used to describe a permanent state, for example, tha beul mór air Mórag means that'Mórag has a (physically) big mouth'.  But as we explained on [[Aig, air agus ann an or The severed head|the page on that]], context usually supplies the right meaning.
+That's essentially it. One slightly confusing thing is that with existentials, air can be used to describe a permanent state, for example, tha beul mór air Mórag means that 'Mórag has a (physically) big mouth'. But as we explained on [[Aig, air agus ann an or The severed head|the page on that]], context usually supplies the right meaning.
 <br />
 <br />
 {{BeaganGramair}}

@@ Loidhne 1: / Loidhne 1: @@
 Even though the heading may seem confusing and tricky, this is actually quite straightforward.
-In Gaelic you have the apparently confusing choice between two ways of saying things like I'm angry or I'm happy; you can do a periphrastic (roundabout way of saying) construction and say tha sunnd orm or you can add the adjectival suffix -ach and use the verb bi: tha mi sunndach.  There's a huge number of these expressions, so let's look at a few more first:
+In Gaelic, you have the apparently confusing choice between two ways of saying things like I'm angry or I'm happy. You can choose a periphrastic (roundabout way of saying) construction and say tha sunnd orm or you can add the adjectival suffix -ach and use the verb bi: tha mi sunndach.  There are a huge number of these expressions, so let's look at a few more:
 {| style="width: 60%;" border="0" align="center"
@@ Loidhne 19: / Loidhne 19: @@
 |}
-And so on.  In theory there is not limit to the number of pairs you could find because -ach as an ending is very productive and you can stick it on to as many nouns as you can find.
+And so on.  In theory, there's no limit to the number of pairs you could find because -ach, as an ending, is very productive. You can stick it on to as many nouns as you can find.
-So what's the catch?  The catch is that Gaelic makes a very fine distinction here which is difficult to make in English in as few words - experience versus disposition.  Or in other words, between something that is temporary and something that is permanent.
+So what's the catch?  The catch is that Gaelic makes a very fine distinction when it comes to making the right choice. The distinction is difficult to make in English, but essentially it's between experience versus disposition.  With few words and the right word choice, Gaelic can differentiate between a state that's temporary and a state that's permanent.
-Tha sunnd orm for example means that I am cheerful right now, perhaps because I've won the lottery or have been told that Bill Gates has donated $5,000,000 to Akerbeltz.  But that could change quite quickly, say if I had some bad news.  Tha mi sunndach on the other hand means that I am cheerful by nature, ie even in the worst circumstances I am cheerful.  If the pathadh is on you, it's just now, a drink and you'll be fine, but if you're pàiteach, you're forever feeling thirsty.
+For example, tha sunnd orm means that I am cheerful right now, perhaps because I've won the lottery or have been told that Bill Gates has donated $5,000,000 to Akerbeltz.  But that could change quite quickly, say if I had some bad news.  On the other hand, tha mi sunndach means that I am cheerful by nature, which means I am cheerful even in the worst circumstances.  If the pathadh is on you, it's just now, so take a drink and you'll be fine. But, if you're pàiteach, you're forever feeling thirsty.
-In English we have to use roundabout ways of making this difference, eg tha an fhearg orm 'I am angry right now' vs tha mi feargach 'I am angry by nature' or use different words eg in tha galar orm 'I am ill' and tha mi galarach 'I am diseased'.
+In English, we have to use roundabout ways of showing this difference. For example, tha an fhearg orm indicates that 'I am angry right now' versus tha mi feargach which informs listeners that 'I am angry by nature'. You can use these structures with different words, for example, tha galar orm states that at the moment 'I am ill' but tha mi galarach expresses that 'I am diseased'.
-That's essentially it.  The only slightly confusing thing is that with existentials air can be used to describe a permanent state eg tha beul mór air Mórag 'Mórag has a (physically) big mouth'.  But as we explained on [[Aig, air agus ann an or The severed head|the page on that]], context usually supplies the right meaning.
+That's essentially it. One slightly confusing thing is that with existentials, air can be used to describe a permanent state, for example, tha beul mór air Mórag means that'Mórag has a (physically) big mouth'.  But as we explained on [[Aig, air agus ann an or The severed head|the page on that]], context usually supplies the right meaning.
 <br />
 <br />
 {{BeaganGramair}}